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Montessori Filipino

Aspekto ng Pandiwa / Uri ng Pandiwa Ayon sa Panahunan

Quick lesson on aspekto ng pandiwa (also known as uri ng pandiwa ayon sa panahunan, or verb tenses) with free worksheets on identifying and conjugating verbs according to naganap (pangnagdaan), nagaganap (pangkasalukuyan), and magaganap (panghinaharap).

What is aspekto ng pandiwa?

Most of us know aspekto ng pandiwa as verb tenses. In fact, it is also known as “uri ng pandiwa ayon sa panahunan” — types of verbs according to tense.

The aspekto ng pandiwa shows whether the action has already happened, has just been done, is still ongoing, or is still to happen in the future.

In Filipino: “Ipinapakita ng aspekto ng pandiwa kung ang kilos ay nangyari na, kakatapos lang, patuloy na nangyayari, o mangyayari pa.”

Aspekto ng Pandiwa: Video Presentation

This video on mga uri ng pandiwa ayon sa panahunan, or aspekto ng pandiwa, is also available on YouTube. It’s a brief introduction to the tenses and how verbs are conjugated using various affixes. The lesson is in both Filipino and English to make it understandable to kids (and even adults) from all sorts of linguistic backgrounds.

Mga Aspekto ng Pandiwa

Ano ang mga aspekto ng pandiwa o uri ng pandiwa ayon sa panahunan?

The most basic verb tenses are past, present, and future.

Aspektong Naganap o Pangnagdaan 

  • This is also referred to as aspektong perpektibo and is used for actions that happened in the past. (Nagsasaad ito na tapos nang gawin ang kilos.)
  • Halimbawa: Kumain ako ng lechon. (I ate lechon.)

Aspektong Nagaganap o Pangkasalukuyan

  • This is also referred to as aspektong imperpektibo and is used for actions that are happening in the present. (Nagsasaad ito na ang kilos ay sinimulan na, patuloy pa ring ginagawa, at hindi pa tapos.) In English, aspektong nagaganap is more like the present continuous (or present progressive) tense.
  • Halimbawa: Kumakain ako ng lechon. (I am eating lechon.)

Aspektong Magaganap o Panghinaharap

  • This is also referred to as aspektong kontemplatibo and is used for actions that are to be done in the future. (Nagsasaad ito ng kilos na hindi pa nasisimulan at gagawin pa lamang.)
  • Halimbawa: Kakain ako ng lechon. (I will eat lechon.)

There are other aspekto ng pandiwa, although we will not focus much on them here.

  • Katatapos (Immediate Past)
    • This refers to actions that were done or completed just before the statement was made. It falls under “past tense” but has its own unique conjugation. (Nagsasaad ito ng kilos na katatapos pa lamang. Nasa ilalim ito ng aspektong perpektibo.)
    • ex. Kakakain ko lang ng lechon. (I just ate lechon.)
  • Pawatas (Infinitive)
    • In English, this is the infinitive form of the verb, created by putting together the word “to” and the base verb (ex. “to eat”). (Ito ang tawag sa kombinasyon ng salitang-ugat root word at ng panlaping makadiwa.)
    • In the Filipino language, there are various affixes that can be added to the root word to form the pawatas. Even if the base verb is the same, the past, present, and future conjugations of the verb can mean different things when different adjectives are used.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa Chart (Mga Halimbawa)

Root Word

Affix

Pawatas

Naganap

(Pangnagdaan)

Nagaganap

(Pangkasalukuyan)

Magaganap

(Panghinaharap)

kain

um

kumain

kumain

kumakain

kakain

kain

in

kainin

kinain

kinakain

kakainin

basa

mag

magbasa

nagbasa

nagbabasa

magbabasa

basa

in

basahin

binasa

binabasa

babasahin

Aspekto ng Pandiwa Worksheets

Interactive versions of these worksheets can be found below.

Note on the Worksheets

You can reduce the size of the worksheet by zooming out your browser screen. For Windows users, scroll down the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key in your keyboard.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa Exercise: Naganap, Nagaganap, Magaganap

This is an easy aspekto / uri ng pandiwa sorting exercise that can be used by first graders. The worksheet contains hints/clues that kids can use to guide them on how to answer the exercise correctly.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa: Online Quiz

Identify the tense of the verb underlined in each sentence in this aspekto / uri ng pandiwa quiz. Pictures (mga larawan) accompany the sentence for easier understanding, especially for Filipino/Tagalog beginners. For the purpose of self-correction, please use either naganap, nagaganap, or magaganap.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa: Pagbabanghay (Worksheet 1)

Conjugate the verbs given using the prefix nag-/mag-.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa: Pagbabanghay (Worksheet 2)

Conjugate the verbs given using the prefixes:

  • na-/ma-
  • nag-/mag- + a base verb starting with a vowel (a hyphen is needed between the prefix and the vowel)

Aspekto ng Pandiwa: Pagbabanghay (Worksheet 3)

Conjugate the verbs given using the:

  • prefix um-
  • infix -um-

Aspekto ng Pandiwa / Uri ng Pandiwa Quiz

Identify the tense of the verb underlined in each sentence and write in the blank before each number. For the purpose of self-correction, please use either naganap, nagaganap, or magaganap.

Aspekto ng Pandiwa (Pangnagdaan, Pangkasalukuyan, Panghinaharap): Pagbabanghay

Fill in the chart with the correct tenses of the following verbs. Look at the given forms of the verb to identify the affix to be used and conjugate accordingly.

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