Montessori Araling Panlipunan
Balangkas/Istruktura ng Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas
Form and framework/structure of the Philippine government, particularly the three branches of government and their respective responsibilities
Contents:
- Uri ng Pamahalaan (form of government in the Philippines)
- Prinsipyo ng Paghahati ng Kapangyarihan (principle of separation of powers)
- Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan (framework/structure of the government)
- Antas ng Pamahalaan (levels of government)
- Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan (branches of government)
- Worksheets
The worksheets you’ll find in the following sections are “live worksheets” — they can be answered right on this page, with a button that lets you find out your score or email your answers to your teacher. You can also get printable (PDF) versions of all the worksheets on this page here:
- Uri ng Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas – True or False Worksheet PDF
- Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan – Diagram Worksheet PDF
- Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan – Sorting Worksheet PDF
- Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan – Identification Worksheet PDF
- Paraan ng Pagpili ng Gobyerno – Sorting Worksheet PDF
- Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan – Review Worksheet PDF
The Philippines is a republic with a presidential form of government wherein power is equally divided among its three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.
Ang Pilipinas ay isang republikang may pampanguluhang anyo ng pamahalaan kung saan pantay na nahahati ang kapangyarihan sa tatlong sangay nito: ehekutibo, lehislatibo, at hudikatura.
Uri ng Pamahalaan
The Philippines is a presidential, representative, democratic, constitutional republic, in which the president is both the head of state and the head of government.
Ang Pilipinas ay isang presidential, representative, democratic, constitutional republic, kung saan ang presidente ay ang puno ng estado at puno ng pamahalaan.
Republic
- A country can be called a republic if the power to govern it lies with the people and their elected representatives. (Ang isang bansa ay matatawag na republika kung ang kapangyarihan na mamuno nito ay hawak ng mga tao at ng mga kinatawan na kanilang inihalal.)
- This is in contrast to, for example, a monarchy, where power is with a ruler such as an emperor/empress, king/queen, pharaoh, emir, sultan, etc.
Democratic
- The meaning of a democracy is similar to that of a republic: a country in which power is held by the people and exercised by their elected representatives. (Ang ibig sabihin ng demokrasya ay halos pareho sa republika: isang bansa kung saan ang kapangyarihan ay hawak ng mga tao at ginagamit ng mga kinatawan na kanilang inihalal.) Some descriptions of democracy specify that it is the people or their representatives who make laws.
Presidential
- In a presidential system, the head of government, the president, is elected by the people. He is not elected, and cannot be dismissed, by the legislature. (Sa isang presidential system, ang pinuno ng pamahalaan, ang pangulo, ay inihahalal ng mga tao. Hindi siya inihalal, at hindi maaaring tanggalin, ng lehislatura.)
- This is in contrast to a parliamentary system, in which the head of government is elected by the legislature.
- The president is considered both the head of state and the head of government. He or she is also the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Representative
- A representative type of democracy is also known as indirect democracy. This means that the people — who hold the power — choose representatives to act for them and make decisions on their behalf. (Ang representative democracy ay kilala rin bilang indirect democracy. Ibig sabihin nito, ang mga tao — na siyang may hawak ng kapangyarihan — ay pumipili ng mga kinatawan upang kumilos at gumawa ng mga desisyon para sa kanila.)
- This is in contrast to a direct democracy, where the general public makes the decisions themselves, usually through a referendum.
Constitutional
- The Philippines has a constitution, the Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas, which is referred to as the highest or supreme law of the land. (Ang Pilipinas ay may konstitusyon, ang Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas, na sinasabing pinakadakilang batas ng bansa.)
Head of State / Head of Government
- In the Philippines, the president is both the head of state and the head of government.
- This is in contrast to governments such as that of the United Kingdom, where the head of state is the Queen (or King) while the head of government is the Prime Minister.
Prinsipyo ng Paghahati ng Kapangyarihan
Under the principle of separation of powers:
- Congress (the legislative branch) makes the laws;
- the Executive implements and enforces the laws; and
- the Judiciary decides on legal questions.
Ayon sa prinsipyo ng paghahati ng kapangyarihan (principle of separation of powers), nasasailalim sa Kongreso ang paggawa ng mga batas, nasasailalim sa Ehekutibo ang pagpapatupad ng mga ito, at nasasailalim sa Hudikatura ang pagpapasya sa mga kontrobersiyang legal.
Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan
The Philippine government has three separate, equal and interdependent branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.
Ang pamahalaan ng Pilipinas ay may tatlong sangay na magkakahiwalay, magkakapantay at magkakaugnay: ang lehislatibong sangay, ang ehekutibong sangay, at ang hudikaturang sangay.
Antas ng Pamahalaan
The three branches of government are found both on the national (pambansa) level and on the local (lokal) level.
Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan
Ehekutibo
National level
- President – elected nationally
- Vice president – elected nationally
- Cabinet – appointed by the president
Local level – all elected by the people who belong to their respective local government units (LGUs)
- Province
- Governor
- Vice governor
- City/Municipality
- Mayor
- Vice mayor
- Barangay
- Barangay chairman
Lehislatibo
National level (Congress)
- Senate – 24 senators elected nationally
- House of Representatives – around 250 congressmen, 80% elected by their respective districts and the rest voted in a party-list system
Local level
- Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial board)
- Sangguniang Panlungsod (city council)
- Sangguniang Bayan (municipal council)
- Sangguniang Barangay (barangay council)
Hudikatura
National level *
- Supreme Court
- Chief Justice
- Associate Justices
Local level *
- Regional trial courts
- Metropolitan trial courts
- Municipal trial courts
* All are appointed by the president from a list of nominees prepared by the Judicial and Bar Council.
Worksheets
The worksheets below are interactive “live worksheets” — they can be answered and corrected/submitted right on this page.
Printable (PDF) versions of these worksheets are also available for free download — just click on links provided before each worksheet.
Note on the Worksheets
You can reduce the size of the worksheet by zooming out your browser screen. For Windows users, scroll down the mouse wheel while pressing the Ctrl key in your keyboard. If there are any errors/glitches, just refresh and try again.
Worksheet 1: Uri ng Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH – Uri ng Pamahalaan ng Pilipinas – True or False Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
Worksheet 2: Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH – Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan – Diagram Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
Worksheet 3: Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan - Sorting
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan – Sorting Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
Worksheet 4: Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan - Identification
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH Mga Sangay ng Pamahalaan – Identification Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
Worksheet 5: Paraan ng Pagpili ng Gobyerno
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH – Paraan ng Pagpili ng Gobyerno – Sorting Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
Worksheet 6: Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan - Review
A printable version of this worksheet can be downloaded here: HuntersWoodsPH Balangkas o Istruktura ng Pamahalaan – Review Worksheet PDF
liveworksheets.com
FAQs
What is pamahalaan in English?
Pamahalaan is the Filipino word for government.
What is the meaning of pamahalaan? (Ano ang kahulugan ng pamahalaan?)
A government is a system or group of people that governs an area, has the power to make and enforce laws for its constituents, and has the primary duty to serve and protect the people. (Ang pamahalaan ay isang sistema o grupo ng mga tao na namamahala sa isang lugar, may kapangyarihang gumawa at magpatupad ng mga batas para sa kanyang nasasakupan, at may pangunahing tungkulin na paglingkuran at pangalagaan ang sambayanan.)